补齐 OpenBao 内部健康与快照新鲜度告警

Co-authored-by: panxiao81 <[email protected]>

infrastructure/openbao/MONITORING.md

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+# OpenBao 监控运维
+
+受鉴权 `/v1/sys/metrics` 通过 vmagent 内的 Bao Agent 使用 Kubernetes 身份采集。
+`metrics` policy 仅允许读取该路径；policy 和 role 由 `terraform/monitoring.tf` 管理。
+
+Bao VM 的 Ubuntu `prometheus-node-exporter` 软件包监听 `192.168.10.8:9100`，
+由 `ansible/roles/openbao_monitoring` 管理。仅供内网监控，不配置公共入口；
+现场 UFW 未启用，故当前边界是 LAN 地址绑定，并非逐来源访问控制。
+标准主机指标复用 `job=node-exporter` 的主机告警，额外标记 `node=bao1`。
+
+首次部署前需要 bootstrap 已创建 `/etc/openbao/snapshot.token` 和快照目录。
+只更新监控与快照运行文件（不会重启 Bao 或轮换 token）：
+
+```bash
+cd ansible
+ansible-playbook monitor-openbao.yml --check
+ansible-playbook monitor-openbao.yml
+# 在 bao1 上执行一次真实快照，建立成功基线：
+sudo systemctl start openbao-snapshot.service
+```
+
+快照脚本在 `/var/lib/prometheus/node-exporter/` 原子更新两个 `.prom` 文件：
+
+- `openbao_snapshot_result.prom`：最近一次运行结果（0/1）及完成时间。
+- `openbao_snapshot_success.prom`：最后一次成功生成完整本地快照的时间。
+
+失败保留上次成功时间，先完成快照再删除超出保留数量的文件。
+指标文件 root 写、exporter 只读；不包含 token、路径标签或快照内容。
+首次成功前成功指标缺失，不用既有文件 mtime 冒充已验证成功。
+Bao sealed 或 token 失效时，独立 exporter 仍能报告失败及超时。
+
+`PrometheusRule/openbao` 包含：采集不可用（3 分钟）、内部健康异常（3 分钟）、
+健康 gauge 缺失（5 分钟）、快照失败（5 分钟）、快照超过 36 小时或无成功记录
+（持续 15 分钟）、快照监控缺失/损坏（5 分钟）。内部健康规则按当前**单节点**设计，
+以后增加 standby 必须先调整 active 判定。快照指标仅证明本地任务成功，不能证明异地备份或可恢复性。
+
+检查与恢复入口：
+
+```bash
+sudo systemctl status openbao-snapshot.timer openbao-snapshot.service prometheus-node-exporter
+sudo journalctl -u openbao-snapshot.service -n 50 --no-pager
+curl -fsS http://192.168.10.8:9100/metrics | grep '^openbao_snapshot_'
+```
+
+token 续期失败按[维护 runbook](https://git.ddupan.top/panxiao81/homelab-wiki/src/branch/main/guides/openbao-monitoring-maintenance.md)
+受控轮换；不要通过反复重启 Bao 排障。回滚 exporter 或快照脚本无需重启 Bao。
+回滚时同步撤回相应 ServiceMonitor/规则，否则缺指标告警会继续触发。
+
+本地验证：
+
+```bash
+python3 -m unittest discover -s infrastructure/openbao/ansible/tests -v
+# 需 PyYAML、Jinja2 和 promtool；已用 promtool 3.5.0 验证。
+PATH=/path/to/promtool:$PATH bash platform/observability/metrics/tests/check-rules.sh
+```
+
+textfile 的原子发布方式遵循 [node_exporter 文档](https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter#textfile-collector)。

infrastructure/openbao/ansible/monitor-openbao.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+# 只部署 exporter、快照脚本和 timer，不改 Bao 配置、不重启 Bao、不创建 token。
+# 前提：bootstrap 已安装有效的 /etc/openbao/snapshot.token。
+- name: 补齐 OpenBao 主机和快照监控
+  hosts: openbao
+  become: true
+  roles:
+    - openbao_monitoring
+  tasks:
+    - name: 更新快照运行文件
+      ansible.builtin.include_role:
+        name: openbao_bootstrap
+        tasks_from: snapshot-runtime

infrastructure/openbao/ansible/roles/openbao_bootstrap/defaults/main.yml

@@ -99,3 +99,5 @@ openbao_config_managed_by_terraform: true
 
 # 仅在维护窗口显式启用，用于替换已失效的快照 token；不读取/打印 token。
 openbao_snapshot_rotate_token: false
+
+openbao_snapshot_metrics_dir: /var/lib/prometheus/node-exporter

infrastructure/openbao/ansible/roles/openbao_bootstrap/tasks/snapshot-runtime.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+---
+- name: Ensure the snapshot output directory exists
+  ansible.builtin.file:
+    path: "{{ openbao_snapshot_dir }}"
+    state: directory
+    owner: root
+    group: root
+    mode: "0700"
+
+- name: Install the snapshot script
+  ansible.builtin.template:
+    src: bao-snapshot.sh.j2
+    dest: /usr/local/bin/bao-snapshot.sh
+    owner: root
+    group: root
+    mode: "0755"
+
+- name: Install the snapshot systemd service + timer
+  ansible.builtin.template:
+    src: "{{ item }}.j2"
+    dest: "/etc/systemd/system/{{ item }}"
+    owner: root
+    group: root
+    mode: "0644"
+  loop:
+    - openbao-snapshot.service
+    - openbao-snapshot.timer
+
+- name: Enable and start the snapshot timer
+  ansible.builtin.systemd:
+    name: openbao-snapshot.timer
+    state: started
+    enabled: true
+    daemon_reload: true

infrastructure/openbao/ansible/roles/openbao_bootstrap/tasks/snapshots.yml

@@ -35,36 +35,9 @@
   when: (not snap_tok_stat.stat.exists) or (openbao_snapshot_rotate_token | bool)
   no_log: true
 
-- name: Ensure the snapshot output directory exists
+- name: 安装独立的主机与快照指标 exporter
-  ansible.builtin.file:
+  ansible.builtin.include_role:
-    path: "{{ openbao_snapshot_dir }}"
+    name: openbao_monitoring
-    state: directory
-    owner: root
-    group: root
-    mode: "0700"
 
-- name: Install the snapshot script
+- name: 部署快照脚本和定时器
-  ansible.builtin.template:
+  ansible.builtin.import_tasks: snapshot-runtime.yml
-    src: bao-snapshot.sh.j2
-    dest: /usr/local/bin/bao-snapshot.sh
-    owner: root
-    group: root
-    mode: "0755"
-
-- name: Install the snapshot systemd service + timer
-  ansible.builtin.template:
-    src: "{{ item }}.j2"
-    dest: "/etc/systemd/system/{{ item }}"
-    owner: root
-    group: root
-    mode: "0644"
-  loop:
-    - openbao-snapshot.service
-    - openbao-snapshot.timer
-
-- name: Enable and start the snapshot timer
-  ansible.builtin.systemd:
-    name: openbao-snapshot.timer
-    state: started
-    enabled: true
-    daemon_reload: true

infrastructure/openbao/ansible/roles/openbao_bootstrap/templates/bao-snapshot.sh.j2

@@ -1,27 +1,58 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
 # {{ ansible_managed }}
-# Take a Raft snapshot and prune old ones. Ship {{ openbao_snapshot_dir }} off-box
+# 本机快照不等于异地备份。结果通过独立 node_exporter 上报。
-# separately (rsync/restic/scp) — a snapshot on the same host is not a backup.
 set -euo pipefail
 umask 077
 
+dir="{{ openbao_snapshot_dir }}"
+metrics_dir="{{ openbao_snapshot_metrics_dir }}"
+# systemd oneshot 不会并发；flock 同时阻止手动执行与 timer 竞争。
+exec 9>"${dir}/.snapshot.lock"
+flock -n 9 || exit 0
+partial=""
+metrics_tmp=""
+finish() {
+  rc=$?
+  trap - EXIT
+  [ -z "$partial" ] || rm -f -- "$partial"
+  # success 文件只在实际快照完成后更新；失败不能抹掉上次成功时间。
+  metrics_tmp="$(mktemp "${metrics_dir}/.openbao-result.XXXXXX")" || exit 1
+  {
+    echo '# HELP openbao_snapshot_last_run_success Whether the last snapshot run succeeded.'
+    echo '# TYPE openbao_snapshot_last_run_success gauge'
+    if [ "$rc" -eq 0 ]; then echo 'openbao_snapshot_last_run_success 1'; else echo 'openbao_snapshot_last_run_success 0'; fi
+    echo '# HELP openbao_snapshot_last_run_timestamp_seconds Completion time of the last snapshot attempt.'
+    echo '# TYPE openbao_snapshot_last_run_timestamp_seconds gauge'
+    echo "openbao_snapshot_last_run_timestamp_seconds $(date +%s)"
+  } > "$metrics_tmp"
+  chmod 644 "$metrics_tmp"
+  mv -f -- "$metrics_tmp" "${metrics_dir}/openbao_snapshot_result.prom"
+  exit "$rc"
+}
+trap finish EXIT
+
 export BAO_ADDR="{{ openbao_addr }}"
 export BAO_CACERT="{{ openbao_tls_dir }}/cert.pem"
 BAO_TOKEN="$(cat /etc/openbao/snapshot.token)"
 export BAO_TOKEN
-
-# periodic token 不会自动续期；在每日快照前续期，避免 768h 后永久失败。
 bao token renew >/dev/null
 
-dir="{{ openbao_snapshot_dir }}"
 stamp="$(date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)"
 out="${dir}/openbao-${stamp}.snap"
-
 partial="${out}.partial"
-trap 'rm -f -- "$partial"' EXIT
+bao operator raft snapshot save "$partial"
-bao operator raft snapshot save "${partial}"
+chmod 600 "$partial"
-chmod 600 "${partial}"
+mv -- "$partial" "$out"
-mv -- "${partial}" "${out}"
+partial=""
 
-# Retention: keep the newest {{ openbao_snapshot_keep }}.
+metrics_tmp="$(mktemp "${metrics_dir}/.openbao-success.XXXXXX")"
+{
+  echo '# HELP openbao_snapshot_last_success_timestamp_seconds Completion time of the last successful local Raft snapshot.'
+  echo '# TYPE openbao_snapshot_last_success_timestamp_seconds gauge'
+  echo "openbao_snapshot_last_success_timestamp_seconds $(date +%s)"
+} > "$metrics_tmp"
+chmod 644 "$metrics_tmp"
+mv -f -- "$metrics_tmp" "${metrics_dir}/openbao_snapshot_success.prom"
+
+# 只有产生完整快照后才做保留清理。
 ls -1t "${dir}"/openbao-*.snap 2>/dev/null | tail -n +{{ openbao_snapshot_keep + 1 }} | xargs -r rm -f

infrastructure/openbao/ansible/roles/openbao_monitoring/defaults/main.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+---
+openbao_metrics_listen_address: "{{ ansible_host }}:9100"
+openbao_snapshot_metrics_dir: /var/lib/prometheus/node-exporter

infrastructure/openbao/ansible/roles/openbao_monitoring/handlers/main.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+- name: restart openbao node exporter
+  ansible.builtin.systemd:
+    name: prometheus-node-exporter
+    state: restarted
+  when: not ansible_check_mode

infrastructure/openbao/ansible/roles/openbao_monitoring/tasks/main.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+---
+- name: 安装 Ubuntu node_exporter 软件包
+  ansible.builtin.apt:
+    name: prometheus-node-exporter
+    state: present
+    update_cache: true
+    cache_valid_time: 3600
+    install_recommends: false
+    policy_rc_d: 101
+
+- name: 创建只允许 root 写入的 textfile 目录
+  ansible.builtin.file:
+    path: "{{ openbao_snapshot_metrics_dir }}"
+    state: directory
+    owner: root
+    group: root
+    mode: "0755"
+
+- name: 将 exporter 绑定到内网地址并启用 textfile
+  ansible.builtin.copy:
+    dest: /etc/default/prometheus-node-exporter
+    owner: root
+    group: root
+    mode: "0644"
+    content: |
+      # Ansible managed; no Bao credentials needed.
+      ARGS="--web.listen-address={{ openbao_metrics_listen_address }} --collector.textfile.directory={{ openbao_snapshot_metrics_dir }}"
+  notify: restart openbao node exporter
+
+- name: 启用主机指标服务
+  ansible.builtin.systemd:
+    name: prometheus-node-exporter
+    enabled: true
+    state: started
+  when: not ansible_check_mode

infrastructure/openbao/ansible/tests/test_snapshot.py

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+"""用假 bao 验证失败不会推进成功时间或删除已有快照。"""
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+import subprocess
+import tempfile
+import unittest
+from jinja2 import Template
+
+TEMPLATE = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1] / 'roles/openbao_bootstrap/templates/bao-snapshot.sh.j2'
+
+
+class SnapshotTest(unittest.TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.tmp = tempfile.TemporaryDirectory()
+        self.addCleanup(self.tmp.cleanup)
+        self.root = Path(self.tmp.name)
+        self.snap = self.root / 'snapshots'
+        self.metrics = self.root / 'metrics'
+        self.snap.mkdir()
+        self.metrics.mkdir()
+        self.token = self.root / 'token'
+        self.token.write_text('test-only')
+        self.script = self.root / 'snapshot.sh'
+        self.script.write_text(Template(TEMPLATE.read_text()).render(
+            ansible_managed='test', openbao_snapshot_dir=str(self.snap),
+            openbao_snapshot_metrics_dir=str(self.metrics), openbao_addr='https://invalid',
+            openbao_tls_dir='/unused', openbao_snapshot_keep=2,
+        ).replace('/etc/openbao/snapshot.token', str(self.token)))
+        bao = self.root / 'bao'
+        bao.write_text('''#!/usr/bin/env bash
+if [ "$1" = token ]; then
+  [ "${FAIL_AT:-}" != renew ]; exit $?
+fi
+printf snapshot > "$5"
+[ "${FAIL_AT:-}" != save ]
+''')
+        bao.chmod(0o755)
+        for n in range(3):
+            p = self.snap / f'openbao-old{n}.snap'
+            p.write_text('old snapshot')
+            os.utime(p, (100+n, 100+n))
+        self.success = self.metrics / 'openbao_snapshot_success.prom'
+        self.success.write_text('openbao_snapshot_last_success_timestamp_seconds 123\n')
+
+    def run_snapshot(self, failure=''):
+        return subprocess.run(['bash', str(self.script)], env=dict(os.environ,
+            PATH=str(self.root)+':'+os.environ['PATH'], FAIL_AT=failure), capture_output=True)
+
+    def test_renew_failure_preserves_success_and_snapshots(self):
+        self.assertNotEqual(self.run_snapshot('renew').returncode, 0)
+        self.check_failure()
+
+    def test_partial_snapshot_is_removed(self):
+        self.assertNotEqual(self.run_snapshot('save').returncode, 0)
+        self.check_failure()
+        self.assertEqual(list(self.snap.glob('*.partial')), [])
+
+    def test_missing_token_is_reported(self):
+        self.token.unlink()
+        self.assertNotEqual(self.run_snapshot().returncode, 0)
+        self.check_failure()
+
+    def check_failure(self):
+        self.assertEqual(self.success.read_text(), 'openbao_snapshot_last_success_timestamp_seconds 123\n')
+        self.assertIn('openbao_snapshot_last_run_success 0', (self.metrics/'openbao_snapshot_result.prom').read_text())
+        self.assertEqual(len(list(self.snap.glob('*.snap'))), 3)
+
+    def test_success_retention_and_permissions(self):
+        p = self.run_snapshot()
+        self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 0, p.stderr)
+        self.assertNotIn('seconds 123\n', self.success.read_text())
+        self.assertIn('openbao_snapshot_last_run_success 1', (self.metrics/'openbao_snapshot_result.prom').read_text())
+        snapshots = list(self.snap.glob('*.snap'))
+        self.assertEqual(len(snapshots), 2)
+        new = next(p for p in snapshots if 'old' not in p.name)
+        self.assertEqual(new.stat().st_mode & 0o777, 0o600)
+        self.assertEqual(self.success.stat().st_mode & 0o777, 0o644)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    unittest.main()

platform/observability/metrics/rules/openbao.yaml

@@ -16,3 +16,53 @@ spec:
         summary: OpenBao 受鉴权指标采集不可用
         description: 检查 Bao 健康与 sealed 状态、采集 Agent 登录/续期、TLS 和目标发现；此告警不区分停机与鉴权失败。
         runbook_url: https://git.ddupan.top/panxiao81/homelab-wiki/src/branch/main/guides/openbao-monitoring-maintenance.md
+    - alert: OpenBaoInternalUnhealthy
+      expr: (min by(job) (vault_core_active{job="openbao"}) < 1 or min by(job) (vault_core_unsealed{job="openbao"})
+        < 1 or min by(job) (vault_autopilot_node_healthy{job="openbao"}) < 1) and on(job) (up{job="openbao"} ==
+        1)
+      for: 3m
+      labels:
+        severity: critical
+      annotations:
+        summary: OpenBao 内部健康异常
+        description: 单节点部署应保持 active、unsealed 和 autopilot node healthy；检查 Raft 状态和服务日志。
+        runbook_url: https://git.ddupan.top/panxiao81/homelab-wiki/src/branch/main/guides/openbao-monitoring-maintenance.md
+    - alert: OpenBaoHealthMetricsMissing
+      expr: (absent(vault_core_active{job="openbao"}) or absent(vault_core_unsealed{job="openbao"}) or absent(vault_autopilot_node_healthy{job="openbao"}))
+        and on(job) (up{job="openbao"} == 1)
+      for: 5m
+      labels:
+        severity: warning
+      annotations:
+        summary: OpenBao 内部健康指标缺失
+        description: 接口可采集但核心 gauge 缺失；检查 telemetry、版本和指标过滤，不将缺数据视为健康。
+        runbook_url: https://git.ddupan.top/panxiao81/homelab-wiki/src/branch/main/guides/openbao-monitoring-maintenance.md
+    - alert: OpenBaoSnapshotFailed
+      expr: openbao_snapshot_last_run_success{job="node-exporter",node="bao1"} == 0
+      for: 5m
+      labels:
+        severity: warning
+      annotations:
+        summary: OpenBao 最近一次本地快照失败
+        description: 检查 openbao-snapshot.service 日志、sealed 状态、快照 token 续期与磁盘；修复后重跑任务。
+        runbook_url: https://git.ddupan.top/panxiao81/homelab-wiki/src/branch/main/guides/openbao-monitoring-maintenance.md
+    - alert: OpenBaoSnapshotStale
+      expr: time() - openbao_snapshot_last_success_timestamp_seconds{job="node-exporter",node="bao1"} > 36 * 3600
+        or absent(openbao_snapshot_last_success_timestamp_seconds{job="node-exporter",node="bao1"})
+      for: 15m
+      labels:
+        severity: critical
+      annotations:
+        summary: OpenBao 本地快照已超时或没有成功记录
+        description: 每日快照超过 36 小时未成功，或成功指标缺失；检查定时器与快照任务。此指标不证明异地备份或恢复可用。
+        runbook_url: https://git.ddupan.top/panxiao81/homelab-wiki/src/branch/main/guides/openbao-monitoring-maintenance.md
+    - alert: OpenBaoSnapshotMetricsUnavailable
+      expr: up{job="node-exporter",node="bao1"} == 0 or absent(up{job="node-exporter",node="bao1"}) or node_textfile_scrape_error{job="node-exporter",node="bao1"}
+        == 1 or absent(openbao_snapshot_last_run_success{job="node-exporter",node="bao1"}) or absent(openbao_snapshot_last_run_timestamp_seconds{job="node-exporter",node="bao1"})
+      for: 5m
+      labels:
+        severity: warning
+      annotations:
+        summary: OpenBao 快照监控不可用
+        description: 检查 bao1:9100 的 node_exporter、textfile 目录及快照脚本；采集独立于 Bao 的鉴权接口。
+        runbook_url: https://git.ddupan.top/panxiao81/homelab-wiki/src/branch/main/guides/openbao-monitoring-maintenance.md

platform/observability/metrics/scrapes/openbao.yaml

@@ -61,3 +61,48 @@ spec:
     relabelings:
     - targetLabel: job
       replacement: openbao
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: openbao-node-metrics
+  namespace: monitoring
+  labels:
+    app.kubernetes.io/name: openbao-node-metrics
+spec:
+  ports:
+  - name: http
+    port: 9100
+    targetPort: 9100
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Endpoints
+metadata:
+  name: openbao-node-metrics
+  namespace: monitoring
+subsets:
+- addresses:
+  - ip: 192.168.10.8
+  ports:
+  - name: http
+    port: 9100
+    protocol: TCP
+---
+apiVersion: monitoring.coreos.com/v1
+kind: ServiceMonitor
+metadata:
+  name: openbao-node
+  namespace: monitoring
+spec:
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app.kubernetes.io/name: openbao-node-metrics
+  endpoints:
+  - port: http
+    interval: 30s
+    scrapeTimeout: 10s
+    relabelings:
+    - targetLabel: job
+      replacement: node-exporter
+    - targetLabel: node
+      replacement: bao1

platform/observability/metrics/tests/check-rules.sh

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import sys
 import yaml
 
 groups = []
-for name in ("kubernetes-health", "host-health", "monitoring-delivery", "platform-controllers", "data-services"):
+for name in ("kubernetes-health", "host-health", "monitoring-delivery", "platform-controllers", "data-services", "openbao"):
     path = pathlib.Path(sys.argv[1]) / f"{name}.yaml"
     groups.extend(yaml.safe_load(path.read_text())["spec"]["groups"])
 pathlib.Path(sys.argv[2]).write_text(yaml.safe_dump({"groups": groups}, allow_unicode=True))

platform/observability/metrics/tests/openbao.test.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+rule_files:
+- rules.yaml
+evaluation_interval: 1m
+tests:
+- name: 健康节点不触发内部告警
+  interval: 1m
+  input_series:
+  - series: up{job="openbao"}
+    values: 1x30
+  - series: vault_core_active{job="openbao"}
+    values: 1x30
+  - series: vault_core_unsealed{job="openbao"}
+    values: 1x30
+  - series: vault_autopilot_node_healthy{job="openbao",node_id="bao1"}
+    values: 1x30
+  alert_rule_test:
+  - eval_time: 10m
+    alertname: OpenBaoInternalUnhealthy
+    exp_alerts: []
+- name: autopilot 不健康触发内部告警
+  interval: 1m
+  input_series:
+  - series: up{job="openbao"}
+    values: 1x30
+  - series: vault_core_active{job="openbao"}
+    values: 1x30
+  - series: vault_core_unsealed{job="openbao"}
+    values: 1x30
+  - series: vault_autopilot_node_healthy{job="openbao",node_id="bao1"}
+    values: '0x30'
+  alert_rule_test:
+  - eval_time: 4m
+    alertname: OpenBaoInternalUnhealthy
+    exp_alerts:
+    - exp_labels:
+        job: openbao
+        severity: critical
+      exp_annotations:
+        summary: OpenBao 内部健康异常
+        description: 单节点部署应保持 active、unsealed 和 autopilot node healthy；检查 Raft 状态和服务日志。
+        runbook_url: https://git.ddupan.top/panxiao81/homelab-wiki/src/branch/main/guides/openbao-monitoring-maintenance.md
+- name: 采集失败由不可用告警覆盖
+  interval: 1m
+  input_series:
+  - series: up{job="openbao"}
+    values: '0x30'
+  - series: vault_core_active{job="openbao"}
+    values: '0x30'
+  - series: vault_core_unsealed{job="openbao"}
+    values: 1x30
+  - series: vault_autopilot_node_healthy{job="openbao",node_id="bao1"}
+    values: 1x30
+  alert_rule_test:
+  - eval_time: 10m
+    alertname: OpenBaoInternalUnhealthy
+    exp_alerts: []
+- name: 缺少健康指标不能静默
+  interval: 1m
+  input_series:
+  - series: up{job="openbao"}
+    values: 1x30
+  alert_rule_test:
+  - eval_time: 6m
+    alertname: OpenBaoHealthMetricsMissing
+    exp_alerts:
+    - exp_labels:
+        job: openbao
+        severity: warning
+      exp_annotations:
+        summary: OpenBao 内部健康指标缺失
+        description: 接口可采集但核心 gauge 缺失；检查 telemetry、版本和指标过滤，不将缺数据视为健康。
+        runbook_url: https://git.ddupan.top/panxiao81/homelab-wiki/src/branch/main/guides/openbao-monitoring-maintenance.md
+- name: 没有成功快照记录
+  interval: 1m
+  input_series: []
+  alert_rule_test:
+  - eval_time: 16m
+    alertname: OpenBaoSnapshotStale
+    exp_alerts:
+    - exp_labels:
+        job: node-exporter
+        node: bao1
+        severity: critical
+      exp_annotations: &id001
+        summary: OpenBao 本地快照已超时或没有成功记录
+        description: 每日快照超过 36 小时未成功，或成功指标缺失；检查定时器与快照任务。此指标不证明异地备份或恢复可用。
+        runbook_url: https://git.ddupan.top/panxiao81/homelab-wiki/src/branch/main/guides/openbao-monitoring-maintenance.md
+- name: 快照失败不需要 Bao 可用
+  interval: 1m
+  input_series:
+  - series: openbao_snapshot_last_run_success{job="node-exporter",node="bao1"}
+    values: '0x30'
+  alert_rule_test:
+  - eval_time: 6m
+    alertname: OpenBaoSnapshotFailed
+    exp_alerts:
+    - exp_labels:
+        job: node-exporter
+        node: bao1
+        severity: warning
+      exp_annotations:
+        summary: OpenBao 最近一次本地快照失败
+        description: 检查 openbao-snapshot.service 日志、sealed 状态、快照 token 续期与磁盘；修复后重跑任务。
+        runbook_url: https://git.ddupan.top/panxiao81/homelab-wiki/src/branch/main/guides/openbao-monitoring-maintenance.md
+- name: 刚完成的快照不超时
+  interval: 1m
+  input_series:
+  - series: openbao_snapshot_last_success_timestamp_seconds{job="node-exporter",node="bao1"}
+    values: '0x30'
+  alert_rule_test:
+  - eval_time: 20m
+    alertname: OpenBaoSnapshotStale
+    exp_alerts: []
+- name: exporter 失联
+  interval: 1m
+  input_series:
+  - series: up{job="node-exporter",node="bao1"}
+    values: '0x30'
+  - series: openbao_snapshot_last_run_success{job="node-exporter",node="bao1"}
+    values: 1x30
+  - series: openbao_snapshot_last_run_timestamp_seconds{job="node-exporter",node="bao1"}
+    values: '0x30'
+  alert_rule_test:
+  - eval_time: 6m
+    alertname: OpenBaoSnapshotMetricsUnavailable
+    exp_alerts:
+    - exp_labels:
+        job: node-exporter
+        node: bao1
+        severity: warning
+      exp_annotations:
+        summary: OpenBao 快照监控不可用
+        description: 检查 bao1:9100 的 node_exporter、textfile 目录及快照脚本；采集独立于 Bao 的鉴权接口。
+        runbook_url: https://git.ddupan.top/panxiao81/homelab-wiki/src/branch/main/guides/openbao-monitoring-maintenance.md
+- name: 36 小时后且持续 15 分钟才报告超时
+  interval: 1h
+  input_series:
+  - series: openbao_snapshot_last_success_timestamp_seconds{job="node-exporter",node="bao1"}
+    values: '0x40'
+  alert_rule_test:
+  - eval_time: 36h
+    alertname: OpenBaoSnapshotStale
+    exp_alerts: []
+  - eval_time: 37h20m
+    alertname: OpenBaoSnapshotStale
+    exp_alerts:
+    - exp_labels:
+        job: node-exporter
+        node: bao1
+        severity: critical
+      exp_annotations: *id001