From 0cd4a67e120779ae6b9df2a5693d013f8b7a2d73 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: panxiao81 Date: Thu, 1 Oct 2026 16:09:38 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?=E6=96=B0=E5=A2=9E=E5=85=B1=E4=BA=AB=20PG=20?= =?UTF-8?q?=E7=9A=84=20SQL=20=E7=BA=A7=E6=8C=87=E6=A0=87=E4=B8=8E=20dev=20?= =?UTF-8?q?=E5=91=8A=E8=AD=A6=E5=88=86=E6=B5=81?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit - 数据库主机上按实例运行 prometheus-community/postgres_exporter 0.20.1， 以实例 OS 用户走本地 socket，经 peer + ident 映射到仅有 pg_monitor 的 homelab_monitor 角色；无密码、不经 Bao。版本与官方 sha256sums.txt 同源。 - prod/dev 启用 pg_stat_statements；monitoring.yml 仅在未生效时 reload/重启 （prod 走 Patroni pending restart），重复执行 changed=0。 - 告警以上游 postgres_mixin 为底改写为 PrometheusRule，阈值对齐 Patroni failover lag 与 max_slot_wal_keep_size；抓取目标带 env 标签。 - Alertmanager 新增 env="dev" 路由到独立 dev 频道，dev SQL 检查告警补 env。 Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 --- .../ansible/inventory/group_vars/all.yml | 7 + .../shared-postgresql/ansible/monitoring.yml | 76 ++++++++++ .../ansible/roles/pg_instance/tasks/main.yml | 2 +- .../pg_instance/templates/patroni.yml.j2 | 6 + .../pg_instance/templates/pg_hba.conf.j2 | 1 + .../pg_instance/templates/pg_ident.conf.j2 | 2 + .../pg_instance/templates/postgresql.conf.j2 | 3 + .../ansible/tasks/monitoring-activate.yml | 70 +++++++++ .../ansible/tasks/monitoring-exporter.yml | 61 ++++++++ .../templates/postgres-exporter.service.j2 | 27 ++++ .../shared-postgresql/tests/integration.py | 18 ++- .../observability/metrics/kustomization.yaml | 2 + .../rules/shared-data-maintenance.yaml | 3 +- .../metrics/rules/shared-postgresql-sql.yaml | 109 ++++++++++++++ .../scrapes/shared-postgresql-sql.yaml | 18 +++ .../metrics/tests/check-rules.sh | 2 +- .../metrics/tests/shared-data.test.yaml | 1 + .../tests/shared-postgresql-sql.test.yaml | 139 ++++++++++++++++++ .../observability/metrics/vmalertmanager.yaml | 9 ++ 19 files changed, 551 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) create mode 100644 infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/monitoring.yml create mode 100644 infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/roles/pg_instance/templates/pg_ident.conf.j2 create mode 100644 infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/tasks/monitoring-activate.yml create mode 100644 infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/tasks/monitoring-exporter.yml create mode 100644 infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/templates/postgres-exporter.service.j2 create mode 100644 platform/observability/metrics/rules/shared-postgresql-sql.yaml create mode 100644 platform/observability/metrics/scrapes/shared-postgresql-sql.yaml create mode 100644 platform/observability/metrics/tests/shared-postgresql-sql.test.yaml diff --git a/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/inventory/group_vars/all.yml b/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/inventory/group_vars/all.yml index b760ebd..75263ac 100644 --- a/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/inventory/group_vars/all.yml +++ b/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/inventory/group_vars/all.yml @@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ pg_profiles: user: pgprod port: 5432 api_port: 8008 + exporter_port: 9187 dns: pg-prod.ad.ddupan.top memory_high: 768M memory_max: 1G @@ -28,6 +29,7 @@ pg_profiles: user: pgdev port: 5433 dns: pg-dev.ad.ddupan.top + exporter_port: 9188 memory_high: 256M memory_max: 384M shared_buffers: 32MB @@ -38,3 +40,8 @@ pg_replication_addresses: ['192.168.10.127/32', '10.60.0.20/32'] pg_repo_host: 10.60.0.21 pg_repo_user: pgbackup pg_repo_path: /var/lib/homelab-pgbackrest +# SQL 指标：exporter 以实例 OS 用户经本地 socket 连接，peer + ident 映射到只读监控角色， +# 因此无需密码或 Bao；角色仅有 pg_monitor，不复用实例管理账号。 +pg_monitor_user: homelab_monitor +# 升级只改版本；安装包与同版本官方 sha256sums.txt 一起下载校验，不写死摘要。 +pg_exporter_version: 0.20.1 diff --git a/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/monitoring.yml b/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/monitoring.yml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c101cbe --- /dev/null +++ b/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/monitoring.yml @@ -0,0 +1,76 @@ +--- +# SQL 指标：激活监控所需的 HBA/ident 与 pg_stat_statements，创建只读监控角色并安装 exporter。 +# 不需要 Bao：模板先由 site.yml 写入；本 play 只做激活与验证。会重启实例（仅在预加载库未生效时）， +# 因此不放进 site.yml。重复执行应为 changed=0。 +- name: 激活实例监控配置 + hosts: pg_hosts + become: true + gather_facts: false + serial: 1 + any_errors_fatal: true + tasks: + - name: 逐实例激活 + ansible.builtin.include_tasks: tasks/monitoring-activate.yml + loop: "{{ pg_instances }}" + loop_control: + loop_var: pg_instance + +- name: 重启 pending 的生产成员以加载 pg_stat_statements + hosts: pg-laptop + become: true + become_user: "{{ pg_profiles.prod.user }}" + gather_facts: false + vars: + pg_patronictl: [/opt/homelab-patroni/bin/patronictl, -c, "{{ pg_config_root }}/prod/patroni.yml"] + tasks: + - name: 读取集群成员状态 + ansible.builtin.command: + argv: "{{ pg_patronictl + ['list', '-e', '-f', 'json'] }}" + register: pg_members + changed_when: false + # Patroni 在原位重启 primary，不触发 failover；写入会短暂中断，客户端需重试。 + - name: 仅重启 pending restart 的成员 + ansible.builtin.command: + argv: "{{ pg_patronictl + ['restart', 'pg-prod', '--pending', '--force'] }}" + when: pg_members.stdout | from_json | selectattr('Pending restart', 'equalto', '*') | list | length > 0 + changed_when: true + - name: 等待两个成员恢复且无 pending + ansible.builtin.command: + argv: "{{ pg_patronictl + ['list', '-e', '-f', 'json'] }}" + register: pg_members_after + changed_when: false + retries: 30 + delay: 4 + until: >- + (pg_members_after.stdout | from_json | length) == 2 + and (pg_members_after.stdout | from_json | selectattr('Pending restart', 'equalto', '*') | list | length) == 0 + and (pg_members_after.stdout | from_json | selectattr('State', 'in', ['running', 'streaming']) | list | length) == 2 + +- name: 创建监控角色并安装 exporter + hosts: pg_hosts + become: true + gather_facts: false + tasks: + - name: 下载 postgres_exporter 并校验同版本官方摘要 + ansible.builtin.get_url: + url: "{{ pg_exporter_base }}/postgres_exporter-{{ pg_exporter_version }}.linux-amd64.tar.gz" + dest: /opt/homelab-postgres-exporter.tar.gz + checksum: "sha256:{{ pg_exporter_base }}/sha256sums.txt" + mode: '0644' + vars: + pg_exporter_base: https://github.com/prometheus-community/postgres_exporter/releases/download/v{{ pg_exporter_version }} + register: pg_exporter_download + retries: 5 + delay: 10 + until: pg_exporter_download is succeeded + - name: 解压 exporter（保留上游许可证） + ansible.builtin.unarchive: + src: /opt/homelab-postgres-exporter.tar.gz + dest: /opt + remote_src: true + creates: /opt/postgres_exporter-{{ pg_exporter_version }}.linux-amd64/postgres_exporter + - name: 逐实例配置 + ansible.builtin.include_tasks: tasks/monitoring-exporter.yml + loop: "{{ pg_instances }}" + loop_control: + loop_var: pg_instance diff --git a/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/roles/pg_instance/tasks/main.yml b/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/roles/pg_instance/tasks/main.yml index 8d5b4ce..5e73f32 100644 --- a/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/roles/pg_instance/tasks/main.yml +++ b/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/roles/pg_instance/tasks/main.yml @@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ owner: root group: "{{ pg_profile.user }}" mode: '0640' - loop: "{{ ['patroni.yml', 'pgbackrest.conf'] if pg_instance == 'prod' else ['postgresql.conf', 'pg_hba.conf'] }}" + loop: "{{ ['patroni.yml', 'pgbackrest.conf'] if pg_instance == 'prod' else ['postgresql.conf', 'pg_hba.conf', 'pg_ident.conf'] }}" no_log: true - name: 安装实例专用服务（不自动启动或重启） ansible.builtin.template: diff --git a/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/roles/pg_instance/templates/patroni.yml.j2 b/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/roles/pg_instance/templates/patroni.yml.j2 index 81c18a9..9906765 100644 --- a/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/roles/pg_instance/templates/patroni.yml.j2 +++ b/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/roles/pg_instance/templates/patroni.yml.j2 @@ -66,6 +66,8 @@ postgresql: unix_socket_directories: {{ pg_socket_dir }} unix_socket_permissions: '0700' password_encryption: scram-sha-256 + # postmaster 级参数：变更后需由 monitoring.yml 执行 Patroni pending restart。 + shared_preload_libraries: pg_stat_statements shared_buffers: {{ pg_profile.shared_buffers }} work_mem: 4MB maintenance_work_mem: 64MB @@ -76,6 +78,7 @@ postgresql: log_statement: none log_min_error_statement: panic pg_hba: + - local all {{ pg_monitor_user }} peer map=monitor - local all {{ pg_profile.user }} peer - local replication {{ pg_profile.user }} peer - local replication replicator scram-sha-256 @@ -88,6 +91,9 @@ postgresql: {% endfor %} - host all all 0.0.0.0/0 reject - host all all ::/0 reject + # 只有实例 OS 用户（exporter 运行身份）可映射为监控角色。 + pg_ident: + - monitor {{ pg_profile.user }} {{ pg_monitor_user }} remove_data_directory_on_rewind_failure: false remove_data_directory_on_diverged_timelines: false watchdog: diff --git a/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/roles/pg_instance/templates/pg_hba.conf.j2 b/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/roles/pg_instance/templates/pg_hba.conf.j2 index cfd0be5..b99715e 100644 --- a/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/roles/pg_instance/templates/pg_hba.conf.j2 +++ b/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/roles/pg_instance/templates/pg_hba.conf.j2 @@ -1,3 +1,4 @@ +local all {{ pg_monitor_user }} peer map=monitor local all {{ pg_profile.user }} peer {% for cidr in pg_client_cidrs %} hostssl all all {{ cidr }} scram-sha-256 diff --git a/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/roles/pg_instance/templates/pg_ident.conf.j2 b/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/roles/pg_instance/templates/pg_ident.conf.j2 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fc01b8c --- /dev/null +++ b/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/roles/pg_instance/templates/pg_ident.conf.j2 @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +# 只有实例 OS 用户（exporter 运行身份）可映射为监控角色。 +monitor {{ pg_profile.user }} {{ pg_monitor_user }} diff --git a/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/roles/pg_instance/templates/postgresql.conf.j2 b/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/roles/pg_instance/templates/postgresql.conf.j2 index 2f07377..e318214 100644 --- a/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/roles/pg_instance/templates/postgresql.conf.j2 +++ b/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/roles/pg_instance/templates/postgresql.conf.j2 @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ port = {{ pg_profile.port }} unix_socket_directories = '{{ pg_socket_dir }}' unix_socket_permissions = 0700 hba_file = '{{ pg_config_dir }}/pg_hba.conf' +ident_file = '{{ pg_config_dir }}/pg_ident.conf' password_encryption = 'scram-sha-256' shared_buffers = '{{ pg_profile.shared_buffers }}' max_connections = {{ pg_profile.max_connections }} @@ -16,3 +17,5 @@ ssl_ca_file = '{{ pg_config_dir }}/ca.crt' archive_mode = off log_statement = none log_min_error_statement = panic +# postmaster 级参数：变更后需由 monitoring.yml 重启 dev 实例。 +shared_preload_libraries = 'pg_stat_statements' diff --git a/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/tasks/monitoring-activate.yml b/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/tasks/monitoring-activate.yml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ce1237c --- /dev/null +++ b/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/tasks/monitoring-activate.yml @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ +--- +- name: 设置现有实例路径 + ansible.builtin.set_fact: + pg_profile: "{{ pg_profiles[pg_instance] }}" + pg_config_dir: "{{ pg_config_root }}/{{ pg_instance }}" + pg_socket_dir: "/run/homelab-postgresql-{{ pg_instance }}" +- name: 激活前必须存在运行中的受管服务 + ansible.builtin.command: + argv: [systemctl, is-active, "homelab-postgresql-{{ pg_instance }}.service"] + changed_when: false +# 生产：Patroni 只在自身 reload 时把本地配置写成数据目录里的 postgresql.conf/pg_ident.conf， +# 所以文件视图能说明 Patroni 是否已接收新配置；预加载库是否已生效另看 current_setting。 +# dev：ident_file 是 postmaster 级参数，视图读取的是“当前生效”的那个文件， +# 所以启动时仍指向旧路径就会读不到映射；两列都为真才算已加载。 +- name: 读取监控配置的激活状态 + ansible.builtin.command: + argv: + - "{{ pg_bin_dir }}/psql" + - -X + - -At + - -h + - "{{ pg_socket_dir }}" + - -p + - "{{ pg_profile.port | string }}" + - -d + - postgres + - -c + - >- + SELECT + EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM pg_ident_file_mappings WHERE map_name = 'monitor' AND error IS NULL) + AND EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM pg_file_settings WHERE name = 'shared_preload_libraries' + AND setting ~ 'pg_stat_statements' AND error IS NULL), + current_setting('shared_preload_libraries') ~ 'pg_stat_statements' + become: true + become_user: "{{ pg_profile.user }}" + changed_when: false + register: pg_monitor_state +- name: 让 Patroni 接收新的本地配置（reload，不重启） + ansible.builtin.command: + argv: [systemctl, kill, --kill-whom=main, --signal=HUP, homelab-postgresql-prod.service] + when: pg_instance == 'prod' and pg_monitor_state.stdout.split('|')[0] != 't' + changed_when: true +- name: 等待 Patroni 写出新配置 + ansible.builtin.command: + argv: "{{ pg_monitor_state.cmd }}" + become: true + become_user: "{{ pg_profile.user }}" + when: pg_instance == 'prod' and pg_monitor_state.stdout.split('|')[0] != 't' + changed_when: false + register: pg_monitor_reloaded + retries: 10 + delay: 3 + until: pg_monitor_reloaded.stdout.split('|')[0] == 't' +# dev 没有 Patroni；预加载库与 ident_file 都是 postmaster 级参数，只能重启。 +- name: 重启 dev 以加载监控配置 + ansible.builtin.systemd_service: + name: homelab-postgresql-dev.service + state: restarted + when: pg_instance == 'dev' and pg_monitor_state.stdout != 't|t' +- name: 检查 dev 重启后监控配置已生效 + ansible.builtin.command: + argv: "{{ pg_monitor_state.cmd }}" + become: true + become_user: "{{ pg_profile.user }}" + when: pg_instance == 'dev' + changed_when: false + register: pg_monitor_dev + retries: 10 + delay: 3 + until: pg_monitor_dev.rc == 0 and pg_monitor_dev.stdout == 't|t' diff --git a/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/tasks/monitoring-exporter.yml b/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/tasks/monitoring-exporter.yml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9ed16d4 --- /dev/null +++ b/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/tasks/monitoring-exporter.yml @@ -0,0 +1,61 @@ +--- +- name: 设置现有实例路径 + ansible.builtin.set_fact: + pg_profile: "{{ pg_profiles[pg_instance] }}" + pg_config_dir: "{{ pg_config_root }}/{{ pg_instance }}" + pg_parent_dir: "{{ pg_data_root }}/{{ pg_instance }}" + pg_socket_dir: "/run/homelab-postgresql-{{ pg_instance }}" + pg_psql: ["{{ pg_bin_dir }}/psql", -X, -At, -v, ON_ERROR_STOP=1, -h, "/run/homelab-postgresql-{{ pg_instance }}", + -p, "{{ pg_profiles[pg_instance].port | string }}", -d, postgres] +# 角色与扩展只在可写实例上创建，standby 经复制获得。 +- name: 检查监控角色与扩展是否符合声明 + ansible.builtin.command: + argv: "{{ pg_psql + ['-c', pg_monitor_check] }}" + vars: + pg_monitor_check: >- + SELECT pg_is_in_recovery(), + COALESCE((SELECT rolcanlogin AND NOT rolsuper AND NOT rolcreaterole AND NOT rolcreatedb + AND NOT rolreplication AND NOT rolbypassrls AND rolconnlimit = 3 AND rolpassword IS NULL + AND pg_has_role(oid, 'pg_monitor', 'MEMBER') + FROM pg_authid WHERE rolname = '{{ pg_monitor_user }}'), false) + AND EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM pg_extension WHERE extname = 'pg_stat_statements') + become: true + become_user: "{{ pg_profile.user }}" + changed_when: false + register: pg_monitor_role +- name: 创建或修正监控角色（无密码，仅能经本地 ident 映射登录） + ansible.builtin.command: + argv: "{{ pg_psql }}" + stdin: | + SELECT 'CREATE ROLE {{ pg_monitor_user }}' + WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM pg_roles WHERE rolname = '{{ pg_monitor_user }}') \gexec + ALTER ROLE {{ pg_monitor_user }} LOGIN NOSUPERUSER NOCREATEDB NOCREATEROLE NOREPLICATION NOBYPASSRLS + CONNECTION LIMIT 3 PASSWORD NULL; + GRANT pg_monitor TO {{ pg_monitor_user }}; + CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pg_stat_statements; + become: true + become_user: "{{ pg_profile.user }}" + when: pg_monitor_role.stdout == 'f|f' + changed_when: true +- name: 安装实例 exporter 服务 + ansible.builtin.template: + src: postgres-exporter.service.j2 + dest: "/etc/systemd/system/homelab-postgresql-{{ pg_instance }}-exporter.service" + mode: '0644' + register: pg_exporter_unit +- name: 启用 exporter + ansible.builtin.systemd_service: + name: "homelab-postgresql-{{ pg_instance }}-exporter.service" + daemon_reload: "{{ pg_exporter_unit is changed }}" + enabled: true + state: "{{ 'restarted' if pg_exporter_unit is changed else 'started' }}" +# 同时证明 HBA/ident 已加载、角色可登录、exporter 能查询。 +- name: 检查 exporter 已连上数据库 + ansible.builtin.uri: + url: "http://{{ pg_address }}:{{ pg_profile.exporter_port }}/metrics" + return_content: true + register: pg_exporter_metrics + changed_when: false + retries: 10 + delay: 3 + until: pg_exporter_metrics.status == 200 and pg_exporter_metrics.content is search('(?m)^pg_up 1$') diff --git a/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/templates/postgres-exporter.service.j2 b/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/templates/postgres-exporter.service.j2 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3103336 --- /dev/null +++ b/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/ansible/templates/postgres-exporter.service.j2 @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +[Unit] +Description=PostgreSQL {{ pg_instance }} SQL metrics +After=homelab-postgresql-{{ pg_instance }}.service +[Service] +# 本地 socket 上 TLS 无意义，sslmode=disable 只是避免驱动默认尝试 TLS。 +# 以实例 OS 用户运行才能进入 0700 的 socket 目录；peer + ident 把它映射成只读监控角色。 +# 监控角色只约束 exporter 自己发出的查询；这不是隔离边界——同一 OS 用户仍可经 peer 以 +# superuser 登录，exporter 被攻破即等同实例属主。InaccessiblePaths 只是不让它直接读写 +# 数据目录、私钥与 pgpass。暴露面因此仅限内网监听地址。 +User={{ pg_profile.user }} +Group={{ pg_profile.user }} +Environment="DATA_SOURCE_NAME=host={{ pg_socket_dir }} port={{ pg_profile.port }} user={{ pg_monitor_user }} dbname=postgres sslmode=disable application_name=postgres_exporter" +ExecStart=/opt/postgres_exporter-{{ pg_exporter_version }}.linux-amd64/postgres_exporter \ + --web.listen-address={{ pg_address }}:{{ pg_profile.exporter_port }} \ + --collector.database_wraparound --collector.long_running_transactions \ + --collector.stat_checkpointer --collector.stat_wal_receiver --collector.stat_statements +Restart=on-failure +RestartSec=5 +InaccessiblePaths={{ pg_parent_dir }} {{ pg_config_dir }} +NoNewPrivileges=true +ProtectSystem=strict +ProtectHome=true +PrivateTmp=true +PrivateDevices=true +MemoryMax=64M +[Install] +WantedBy=multi-user.target diff --git a/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/tests/integration.py b/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/tests/integration.py index 98bfeb5..a9ecccc 100644 --- a/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/tests/integration.py +++ b/infrastructure/shared-postgresql/tests/integration.py @@ -88,9 +88,9 @@ def main(): pg_etcd_endpoints=[f'{h["etcd_address"]}:23379' for h in hosts.values()], pg_config_dir='/node/config',pg_parent_dir='/node',pg_data_dir='/node/data',pg_socket_dir='/node/socket', pg_bin_dir='/usr/lib/postgresql/18/bin',pg_replication_addresses=['127.0.0.0/8'],pg_client_cidrs=['127.0.0.0/8'], - pg_repo_remote=False,pg_repo_path='/repo') + pg_repo_remote=False,pg_repo_path='/repo',pg_monitor_user='homelab_monitor') values[name]=v - for template in (['postgresql.conf','pg_hba.conf'] if name=='dev' else ['patroni.yml','pgbackrest.conf']): + for template in (['postgresql.conf','pg_hba.conf','pg_ident.conf'] if name=='dev' else ['patroni.yml','pgbackrest.conf']): (cfg/template).write_text(env.get_template(template+'.j2').render(**v)) for folder in ['socket','backup-lock','backup-spool']:(d/folder).mkdir() (pg/'repo').mkdir();(pg/'restore').mkdir();(pg/'pitr').mkdir() @@ -131,6 +131,20 @@ def main(): initial_backup=json.loads(backrest('p1','--output=json','info').stdout)[0]['backup'][-1]['label'] recovery_target=sql('p1','SELECT clock_timestamp()::text') print('PASS: separate dev, TLS verify-full, non-superuser Ayatori native privileges, initial backup',flush=True) + # 与 monitoring.yml 相同的声明：无密码，只能由实例 OS 用户经 peer + ident 映射登录。 + monitor_role="CREATE ROLE homelab_monitor LOGIN CONNECTION LIMIT 3 PASSWORD NULL; GRANT pg_monitor TO homelab_monitor; CREATE EXTENSION pg_stat_statements;" + sql('p1',monitor_role);sql('dev',monitor_role) + def monitor(name,query): + return run(['docker','exec','-i',prefix+'-'+name,'psql','-X','-v','ON_ERROR_STOP=1','-At','-h','/node/socket','-p','25432','-U','homelab_monitor','postgres'],input=query).stdout.strip() + for name in ['p1','p2','dev']: + wait_for(lambda: monitor(name,"SELECT current_setting('shared_preload_libraries')||(SELECT count(*)>=0 FROM pg_stat_statements)")=='pg_stat_statementstrue') + for name in ['p1','dev']: + try: + monitor(name,'CREATE TABLE public.monitor_write(id int)') + raise AssertionError(f'monitor role could write on {name}') + except subprocess.CalledProcessError: + pass + print('PASS: monitor role logs in via peer+ident on primary/standby/dev, reads pg_stat_statements, cannot write',flush=True) proxycfg=w/'proxy.cfg' # 文件父目录仍由调用者拥有，新增代理配置不触碰 PG 文件。 proxycfg.write_text(env.get_template('haproxy.cfg.j2').render(pg_proxy_bind='127.0.2.10:26432',pg_proxy_members=[dict(name=n,address=values[n]['pg_address'],port=25432,api_port=28008) for n in ['p1','p2']])) diff --git a/platform/observability/metrics/kustomization.yaml b/platform/observability/metrics/kustomization.yaml index 74dd98f..9b94b61 100644 --- a/platform/observability/metrics/kustomization.yaml +++ b/platform/observability/metrics/kustomization.yaml @@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ resources: - scrapes/shared-etcd.yaml - rules/shared-postgresql.yaml - scrapes/shared-postgresql.yaml + - rules/shared-postgresql-sql.yaml + - scrapes/shared-postgresql-sql.yaml - scrapes/platform-controllers.yaml - rules/platform-controllers.yaml - scrapes/cnpg.yaml diff --git a/platform/observability/metrics/rules/shared-data-maintenance.yaml b/platform/observability/metrics/rules/shared-data-maintenance.yaml index 2b11e44..63a6031 100644 --- a/platform/observability/metrics/rules/shared-data-maintenance.yaml +++ b/platform/observability/metrics/rules/shared-data-maintenance.yaml @@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ spec: - alert: SharedPostgresDevUnavailable expr: homelab_data_dev_sql_ready{job="shared-data-maintenance"} == 0 for: 3m - labels: {severity: warning, service: shared-postgresql} + # env 供 Alertmanager 把 dev 分流到独立 channel。 + labels: {severity: warning, service: shared-postgresql, env: dev} annotations: summary: 共享 PG 开发实例本地 SQL 不可用或处于只读状态 diff --git a/platform/observability/metrics/rules/shared-postgresql-sql.yaml b/platform/observability/metrics/rules/shared-postgresql-sql.yaml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..85ef67d --- /dev/null +++ b/platform/observability/metrics/rules/shared-postgresql-sql.yaml @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ +# 以 postgres_exporter 上游 postgres_mixin 为底按本环境改写：实例停止、多主、角色变化已由 +# Patroni 规则（shared-postgresql.yaml）覆盖；QPS/缓存命中率/回滚数不是故障信号，未采用； +# 上游 PostgresHasReplicationSlotUsed 会被 Patroni 在 standby 保留的非活跃槽持续触发，未采用。 +# 每条告警都带抓取目标的 env 标签，Alertmanager 按它把 dev 分流到独立 channel。 +apiVersion: monitoring.coreos.com/v1 +kind: PrometheusRule +metadata: + name: shared-postgresql-sql + namespace: monitoring +spec: + groups: + - name: shared-postgresql-sql + rules: + - alert: SharedPostgresSqlExporterDown + expr: up{job="shared-postgresql-sql"} == 0 + for: 3m + labels: {severity: warning, service: shared-postgresql} + annotations: + summary: '共享 PG {{ $labels.env }} {{ $labels.member }} 的 SQL exporter 无法采集' + # 进程停止已有 Patroni critical；这里覆盖进程在但 SQL 不通（HBA、连接耗尽、dev 实例）。 + - alert: SharedPostgresSqlUnreachable + expr: pg_up{job="shared-postgresql-sql"} == 0 + for: 2m + labels: {severity: warning, service: shared-postgresql} + annotations: + summary: '共享 PG {{ $labels.env }} {{ $labels.member }} 无法以监控角色执行 SQL' + - alert: SharedPostgresSqlCollectorFailing + expr: pg_scrape_collector_success{job="shared-postgresql-sql"} == 0 or pg_exporter_last_scrape_error{job="shared-postgresql-sql"} == 1 + for: 10m + labels: {severity: warning, service: shared-postgresql} + annotations: + summary: '共享 PG {{ $labels.env }} {{ $labels.member }} 部分 SQL 指标采集失败 {{ $labels.collector }}' + # 与 Patroni maximum_lag_on_failover（1 MiB）一致：持续超过即该 standby 不再是合格的切换候选。 + - alert: SharedPostgresReplicationLagging + expr: pg_stat_replication_pg_wal_lsn_diff{job="shared-postgresql-sql"} > 1048576 + for: 5m + labels: {severity: warning, service: shared-postgresql} + annotations: + summary: '共享 PG {{ $labels.env }} 副本 {{ $labels.application_name }} 回放落后超过 1 MiB，已不满足自动切换条件' + # 只看可写成员：standby 上 Patroni 维护的槽副本不反映真实保留压力。 + # 1 GiB 是 max_slot_wal_keep_size（2GB）的一半，留出处理时间。 + - alert: SharedPostgresReplicationSlotRetention + expr: >- + pg_replication_slots_pg_wal_lsn_diff{job="shared-postgresql-sql"} > 1073741824 + and on(instance) pg_replication_is_replica{job="shared-postgresql-sql"} == 0 + for: 10m + labels: {severity: warning, service: shared-postgresql} + annotations: + summary: '共享 PG {{ $labels.env }} 复制槽 {{ $labels.slot_name }} 保留 WAL 超过 1 GiB' + - alert: SharedPostgresWalArchiveFailing + expr: increase(pg_stat_archiver_failed_count{job="shared-postgresql-sql"}[15m]) > 0 + labels: {severity: warning, service: shared-postgresql} + annotations: + summary: '共享 PG {{ $labels.env }} {{ $labels.member }} WAL 归档失败，PITR 链可能中断' + # XID/MXID 上限约 2^31；超过一半说明 freeze 跟不上，超过 75% 已接近强制停写；critical 时不重复 warning。 + - alert: SharedPostgresWraparoundRisk + expr: >- + (max without(datname) (pg_database_wraparound_age_datfrozenxid_seconds{job="shared-postgresql-sql"}) > 1e9 + or max without(datname) (pg_database_wraparound_age_datminmxid_seconds{job="shared-postgresql-sql"}) > 1e9) + unless (max without(datname) (pg_database_wraparound_age_datfrozenxid_seconds{job="shared-postgresql-sql"}) > 1.6e9 + or max without(datname) (pg_database_wraparound_age_datminmxid_seconds{job="shared-postgresql-sql"}) > 1.6e9) + for: 10m + labels: {severity: warning, service: shared-postgresql} + annotations: + summary: '共享 PG {{ $labels.env }} {{ $labels.member }} XID/MXID 年龄超过 10 亿' + - alert: SharedPostgresWraparoundImminent + expr: >- + max without(datname) (pg_database_wraparound_age_datfrozenxid_seconds{job="shared-postgresql-sql"}) > 1.6e9 + or max without(datname) (pg_database_wraparound_age_datminmxid_seconds{job="shared-postgresql-sql"}) > 1.6e9 + for: 5m + labels: {severity: critical, service: shared-postgresql} + annotations: + summary: '共享 PG {{ $labels.env }} {{ $labels.member }} XID/MXID 接近回卷停写，需立即 VACUUM FREEZE' + - alert: SharedPostgresConnectionsHigh + expr: >- + sum without(datname, state, usename, application_name, backend_type, wait_event_type, wait_event) + (pg_stat_activity_count{job="shared-postgresql-sql", backend_type="client backend"}) + / pg_settings_max_connections{job="shared-postgresql-sql"} > 0.8 + for: 5m + labels: {severity: warning, service: shared-postgresql} + annotations: + summary: '共享 PG {{ $labels.env }} {{ $labels.member }} 客户端连接超过 max_connections 的 80%' + # 长事务阻止 vacuum 回收并持有锁；idle in transaction 通常是应用忘记提交。 + - alert: SharedPostgresIdleInTransaction + expr: >- + max without(datname, state, usename, application_name, backend_type, wait_event_type, wait_event) + (pg_stat_activity_max_tx_duration{job="shared-postgresql-sql", state=~"idle in transaction.*"}) > 600 + for: 1m + labels: {severity: warning, service: shared-postgresql} + annotations: + summary: '共享 PG {{ $labels.env }} {{ $labels.member }} 有事务空闲未提交超过 10 分钟' + - alert: SharedPostgresLongTransaction + expr: pg_long_running_transactions_oldest_timestamp_seconds{job="shared-postgresql-sql"} > 3600 + for: 1m + labels: {severity: warning, service: shared-postgresql} + annotations: + summary: '共享 PG {{ $labels.env }} {{ $labels.member }} 最老事务已运行超过 1 小时' + - alert: SharedPostgresDeadlocks + expr: sum without(datname) (increase(pg_stat_database_deadlocks{job="shared-postgresql-sql"}[15m])) > 0 + labels: {severity: warning, service: shared-postgresql} + annotations: + summary: '共享 PG {{ $labels.env }} {{ $labels.member }} 15 分钟内出现死锁' + # 每日 pgBackRest full 会请求一次 checkpoint；每小时多于 4 次通常意味着 max_wal_size 偏小。 + - alert: SharedPostgresCheckpointsRequested + expr: increase(pg_stat_checkpointer_num_requested_total{job="shared-postgresql-sql"}[1h]) > 4 + for: 15m + labels: {severity: warning, service: shared-postgresql} + annotations: + summary: '共享 PG {{ $labels.env }} {{ $labels.member }} 频繁请求 checkpoint，max_wal_size 可能偏小' diff --git a/platform/observability/metrics/scrapes/shared-postgresql-sql.yaml b/platform/observability/metrics/scrapes/shared-postgresql-sql.yaml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ba71aa7 --- /dev/null +++ b/platform/observability/metrics/scrapes/shared-postgresql-sql.yaml @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +# postgres_exporter 跑在数据库主机上，按实例一个端口；env 标签供 Alertmanager 分流 dev。 +apiVersion: operator.victoriametrics.com/v1beta1 +kind: VMStaticScrape +metadata: + name: shared-postgresql-sql + namespace: monitoring +spec: + jobName: shared-postgresql-sql + targetEndpoints: + - targets: ['192.168.10.127:9187'] + labels: {cluster: homelab-pg-prod, member: pg-laptop, env: prod} + interval: 30s + - targets: ['10.60.0.20:9187'] + labels: {cluster: homelab-pg-prod, member: pg-pve1, env: prod} + interval: 30s + - targets: ['192.168.10.127:9188'] + labels: {cluster: homelab-pg-dev, member: pg-laptop, env: dev} + interval: 30s diff --git a/platform/observability/metrics/tests/check-rules.sh b/platform/observability/metrics/tests/check-rules.sh index ecc3449..9335c9c 100644 --- a/platform/observability/metrics/tests/check-rules.sh +++ b/platform/observability/metrics/tests/check-rules.sh @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import sys import yaml groups = [] -for name in ("kubernetes-health", "host-health", "monitoring-delivery", "platform-controllers", "data-services", "openbao", "shared-data-maintenance"): +for name in ("kubernetes-health", "host-health", "monitoring-delivery", "platform-controllers", "data-services", "openbao", "shared-data-maintenance", "shared-postgresql-sql"): path = pathlib.Path(sys.argv[1]) / f"{name}.yaml" groups.extend(yaml.safe_load(path.read_text())["spec"]["groups"]) pathlib.Path(sys.argv[2]).write_text(yaml.safe_dump({"groups": groups}, allow_unicode=True)) diff --git a/platform/observability/metrics/tests/shared-data.test.yaml b/platform/observability/metrics/tests/shared-data.test.yaml index dcac681..5216edd 100644 --- a/platform/observability/metrics/tests/shared-data.test.yaml +++ b/platform/observability/metrics/tests/shared-data.test.yaml @@ -125,6 +125,7 @@ tests: instance: host:9109 severity: warning service: shared-postgresql + env: dev exp_annotations: summary: 共享 PG 开发实例本地 SQL 不可用或处于只读状态 - name: dev 恢复后解除 diff --git a/platform/observability/metrics/tests/shared-postgresql-sql.test.yaml b/platform/observability/metrics/tests/shared-postgresql-sql.test.yaml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..724256b --- /dev/null +++ b/platform/observability/metrics/tests/shared-postgresql-sql.test.yaml @@ -0,0 +1,139 @@ +rule_files: +- rules.yaml +evaluation_interval: 1m +tests: +- name: dev SQL 不通时告警带 env=dev 以便分流 + interval: 1m + input_series: + - series: pg_up{job="shared-postgresql-sql",instance="h:9188",cluster="homelab-pg-dev",member="pg-laptop",env="dev"} + values: '0x5' + alert_rule_test: + - eval_time: 5m + alertname: SharedPostgresSqlUnreachable + exp_alerts: + - exp_labels: {job: shared-postgresql-sql, instance: 'h:9188', cluster: homelab-pg-dev, member: pg-laptop, env: dev, severity: warning, service: shared-postgresql} + exp_annotations: + summary: 共享 PG dev pg-laptop 无法以监控角色执行 SQL +- name: 回放落后持续超过 1 MiB 告警 + interval: 1m + input_series: + - series: pg_stat_replication_pg_wal_lsn_diff{job="shared-postgresql-sql",instance="p:9187",member="pg-pve1",env="prod",application_name="pg-laptop"} + values: '2097152x10' + alert_rule_test: + - eval_time: 8m + alertname: SharedPostgresReplicationLagging + exp_alerts: + - exp_labels: {job: shared-postgresql-sql, instance: 'p:9187', member: pg-pve1, env: prod, application_name: pg-laptop, severity: warning, service: shared-postgresql} + exp_annotations: + summary: 共享 PG prod 副本 pg-laptop 回放落后超过 1 MiB，已不满足自动切换条件 +- name: 短暂落后不告警 + interval: 1m + input_series: + - series: pg_stat_replication_pg_wal_lsn_diff{job="shared-postgresql-sql",instance="p:9187",env="prod",application_name="pg-laptop"} + values: '2097152x2 0x8' + alert_rule_test: + - eval_time: 8m + alertname: SharedPostgresReplicationLagging + exp_alerts: [] +- name: 复制槽积压只在主库告警 + interval: 1m + input_series: + - series: pg_replication_slots_pg_wal_lsn_diff{job="shared-postgresql-sql",instance="p:9187",env="prod",slot_name="pg_laptop"} + values: '2147483648x15' + - series: pg_replication_is_replica{job="shared-postgresql-sql",instance="p:9187",env="prod"} + values: '0x15' + - series: pg_replication_slots_pg_wal_lsn_diff{job="shared-postgresql-sql",instance="r:9187",env="prod",slot_name="pg_pve1"} + values: '2147483648x15' + - series: pg_replication_is_replica{job="shared-postgresql-sql",instance="r:9187",env="prod"} + values: '1x15' + alert_rule_test: + - eval_time: 12m + alertname: SharedPostgresReplicationSlotRetention + exp_alerts: + - exp_labels: {job: shared-postgresql-sql, instance: 'p:9187', env: prod, slot_name: pg_laptop, severity: warning, service: shared-postgresql} + exp_annotations: + summary: 共享 PG prod 复制槽 pg_laptop 保留 WAL 超过 1 GiB +- name: 回卷 critical 时不重复 warning + interval: 1m + input_series: + - series: pg_database_wraparound_age_datfrozenxid_seconds{job="shared-postgresql-sql",instance="p:9187",member="pg-pve1",env="prod",datname="app"} + values: '1700000000x15' + - series: pg_database_wraparound_age_datminmxid_seconds{job="shared-postgresql-sql",instance="p:9187",member="pg-pve1",env="prod",datname="app"} + values: '1200000000x15' + alert_rule_test: + - eval_time: 12m + alertname: SharedPostgresWraparoundRisk + exp_alerts: [] + - eval_time: 12m + alertname: SharedPostgresWraparoundImminent + exp_alerts: + - exp_labels: {job: shared-postgresql-sql, instance: 'p:9187', member: pg-pve1, env: prod, severity: critical, service: shared-postgresql} + exp_annotations: + summary: 共享 PG prod pg-pve1 XID/MXID 接近回卷停写，需立即 VACUUM FREEZE +- name: 回卷 warning + interval: 1m + input_series: + - series: pg_database_wraparound_age_datfrozenxid_seconds{job="shared-postgresql-sql",instance="p:9187",member="pg-pve1",env="prod",datname="app"} + values: '1200000000x15' + alert_rule_test: + - eval_time: 12m + alertname: SharedPostgresWraparoundRisk + exp_alerts: + - exp_labels: {job: shared-postgresql-sql, instance: 'p:9187', member: pg-pve1, env: prod, severity: warning, service: shared-postgresql} + exp_annotations: + summary: 共享 PG prod pg-pve1 XID/MXID 年龄超过 10 亿 +- name: 只计客户端连接 + interval: 1m + input_series: + - series: pg_stat_activity_count{job="shared-postgresql-sql",instance="p:9187",member="pg-pve1",env="prod",datname="app",state="active",usename="a",application_name="x",backend_type="client backend",wait_event_type="",wait_event=""} + values: '50x10' + - series: pg_stat_activity_count{job="shared-postgresql-sql",instance="p:9187",member="pg-pve1",env="prod",datname="app",state="idle",usename="b",application_name="y",backend_type="client backend",wait_event_type="",wait_event=""} + values: '20x10' + - series: pg_stat_activity_count{job="shared-postgresql-sql",instance="p:9187",member="pg-pve1",env="prod",datname="",state="",usename="",application_name="",backend_type="autovacuum worker",wait_event_type="",wait_event=""} + values: '30x10' + - series: pg_settings_max_connections{job="shared-postgresql-sql",instance="p:9187",member="pg-pve1",env="prod"} + values: '80x10' + alert_rule_test: + - eval_time: 8m + alertname: SharedPostgresConnectionsHigh + exp_alerts: + - exp_labels: {job: shared-postgresql-sql, instance: 'p:9187', member: pg-pve1, env: prod, severity: warning, service: shared-postgresql} + exp_annotations: + summary: 共享 PG prod pg-pve1 客户端连接超过 max_connections 的 80% +- name: 后台进程不计入连接使用率 + interval: 1m + input_series: + - series: pg_stat_activity_count{job="shared-postgresql-sql",instance="p:9187",env="prod",datname="app",state="active",usename="a",application_name="x",backend_type="client backend",wait_event_type="",wait_event=""} + values: '40x10' + - series: pg_stat_activity_count{job="shared-postgresql-sql",instance="p:9187",env="prod",datname="",state="",usename="",application_name="",backend_type="autovacuum worker",wait_event_type="",wait_event=""} + values: '40x10' + - series: pg_settings_max_connections{job="shared-postgresql-sql",instance="p:9187",env="prod"} + values: '80x10' + alert_rule_test: + - eval_time: 8m + alertname: SharedPostgresConnectionsHigh + exp_alerts: [] +- name: 死锁计数增长告警 + interval: 1m + input_series: + - series: pg_stat_database_deadlocks{job="shared-postgresql-sql",instance="p:9187",member="pg-pve1",env="prod",datname="app"} + values: '0 0 0 1 1 1' + alert_rule_test: + - eval_time: 5m + alertname: SharedPostgresDeadlocks + exp_alerts: + - exp_labels: {job: shared-postgresql-sql, instance: 'p:9187', member: pg-pve1, env: prod, severity: warning, service: shared-postgresql} + exp_annotations: + summary: 共享 PG prod pg-pve1 15 分钟内出现死锁 +- name: 空闲事务超过 10 分钟 + interval: 1m + input_series: + - series: pg_stat_activity_max_tx_duration{job="shared-postgresql-sql",instance="p:9187",member="pg-pve1",env="prod",datname="app",state="idle in transaction",usename="a",application_name="x",backend_type="client backend",wait_event_type="Client",wait_event="ClientRead"} + values: '700x5' + alert_rule_test: + - eval_time: 3m + alertname: SharedPostgresIdleInTransaction + exp_alerts: + - exp_labels: {job: shared-postgresql-sql, instance: 'p:9187', member: pg-pve1, env: prod, severity: warning, service: shared-postgresql} + exp_annotations: + summary: 共享 PG prod pg-pve1 有事务空闲未提交超过 10 分钟 diff --git a/platform/observability/metrics/vmalertmanager.yaml b/platform/observability/metrics/vmalertmanager.yaml index 4e7377d..036457f 100644 --- a/platform/observability/metrics/vmalertmanager.yaml +++ b/platform/observability/metrics/vmalertmanager.yaml @@ -16,6 +16,10 @@ spec: group_interval: 5m repeat_interval: 4h routes: + # dev 必须排第一且不 continue：否则 dev 告警会被后面的 severity 路由送进生产频道。 + - receiver: telegram-dev + matchers: + - env="dev" - receiver: telegram matchers: - severity="critical" @@ -37,6 +41,11 @@ spec: - bot_token_file: /etc/vm/secrets/alertmanager-telegram/telegram_bot_token chat_id: -1003956377923 send_resolved: true + - name: telegram-dev + telegram_configs: + - bot_token_file: /etc/vm/secrets/alertmanager-telegram/telegram_bot_token + chat_id: -1003651477106 + send_resolved: true resources: requests: cpu: 25m